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U.S. Copyright Office: Sound recordings and musical compositions
Explains that a sound recording and the musical composition embodied in it are separate copyrighted works.
Explainer
Updated July 29, 2026
A song can generate a large gross revenue number while the artist keeps only part of it. Gross track or catalog revenue should be separated from artist-side income because labels, distributors, publishers, songwriters, managers, and recoupment terms can all sit between the listener and the performer.
Two songs can look similar on streaming charts but behave differently as income assets. A self-controlled catalog, a favorable royalty contract, or retained publishing can make a smaller gross number more valuable to the artist than a larger recording with heavy label or publishing claims.
This is why a split should be published only when the relevant public evidence can be shown. A private contract cannot be reconstructed from a stream count or an artist homepage.
For the broader model, read the full methodology and the catalog ownership explainer.
Sources
Each link is included for the specific context described below. None is a private royalty statement.
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Explains that a sound recording and the musical composition embodied in it are separate copyrighted works.
rights context
Provides rights-administration context for musical works in the United States.
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Provides public context for modern U.S. music-licensing administration.